There are also some historical symbols that are no longer officially used.Įxtension of the symbol Annotated example of an atomic symbol For example, "Uno" was the temporary symbol for hassium (element 108) which had the temporary name of unniloctium, based on the digits of its atomic number. Some symbols come from other sources, like W for tungsten ( Wolfram in German) which was not known in Roman times.Ī three-letter temporary symbol may be assigned to a newly synthesized (or not yet synthesized) element. For example, Pb is the symbol for lead ( plumbum in Latin) Hg is the symbol for mercury ( hydrargyrum in Greek) and He is the symbol for helium (a Neo-Latin name) because helium was not known in ancient Roman times. For some elements, this is because the material was known in ancient times, while for others, the name is a more recent invention. Element symbols for chemical elements normally consist of one or two letters from the Latin alphabet and are written with the first letter capitalised.Įarlier symbols for chemical elements stem from classical Latin and Greek vocabulary. Abbreviations used in chemistry The periodic table, elements being denoted by their symbolsĬhemical symbols are the abbreviations used in chemistry for chemical elements, functional groups and chemical compounds.
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